Development and Validation of a Predictive Risk Model for Vision-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo develop and validate a predictive risk model for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes using readily accessible clinical data， which may provide a convenient and effective prediction tool for early identification and referral of at-risk populations. MethodsA nomogram model was developed using a dataset obtained from patients with T2DM who participated in the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study from November 2017 to December 2020. Logistic regression was used to construct the model， and model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve， Hosmer-Lemeshow test， calibration curve and decision curve analysis. The model underwent internal validation through the mean AUC of k-fold cross-validation method， and further external validation was conducted in the Dongguan Eye Study. ResultsA total of 2 161 individuals were included in the model development dataset， of whom 135 （6.25%） people were diagnosed with VTDR. Age （P＜0.001，OR=0.927，95%CI：0.898~0.957） and body mass index （P＜0.001，OR =0.845，95%CI：0.821~0.932） were found to be negatively correlated with VTDR， whereas diabetes duration （P＜0.001，OR=1.064，95%CI：1.035~1.094）， insulin use （P =0.045，OR =1.534，95%CI：1.010~2.332）， systolic blood pressure （P＜0.001，OR =1.019，95%CI：1.008~1.029）， glycated hemoglobin （P＜0.001，OR =1.484，95%CI：1.341~1.643）， and serum creatinine （P＜0.001，OR =1.017，95%CI：1.010~1.023） were positively correlated with VTDR. All these variables were included in the model as predictors. The model showed strong discrimination in the development dataset with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUC） of 0.797 and in the external validation dataset （AUC 0.762）. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test（P＞0.05）and the calibration curve displayed good agreement. Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram produced net benefit in the two datasets. ConclusionsIndependent factors influencing VTDR include age， duration of diabetes mellitus， insulin use， body mass index， systolic blood pressure， glycosylated hemoglobin， and serum creatinine. The nomogram constructed using these variables demonstrates a high degree of predictive validity. The model can serve as a valuable tool for early detection and referral of VTDR in primary care clinics. Therefore， its application and promotion are highly recommended.

miR-205-5p/E2F1 signal axis is involved in the regulation of radiosensitivity of glioma cells through suppressing the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To explore the mechanism of miR-205-5p/E2F1 signal axis in regulating the glioma U251, U87 radiotherapy resistance.Methods:X-ray gradual ascending and intermittent induction method was used to irradiate the glioma U251 cells to establish U251/TR, U87/TR radiation-resistant cell lines. Then, the morphology, migration, invasion and proliferation abilities of cells (U251/TR, U87/TR radiation-resistant cells and U251, U87 radiation-sensitive cells) were analyzed. Luciferase gene detection system and point mutation technique were employed to analyze the mechanism of miR-205-5p and E2F1 gene activity on U251 and U87 radiation-resistant cell lines.Results:Compared with the radiation-sensitive U251 cells, the radiation-resistant cells U251/TR, U87/TR showed increased proliferation activity, enhanced migration and invasion abilities and decreased apoptosis under X-ray irradiation. miR-205-5p mimics transfection could down-regulate the expression of E2F1 factor in U251/TR cells, inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration and increase the radiosensitivity of U251/TR cells. miR-205-5p mimics transfection combined with with E2F1 down-regulation exerted anti-tumor effect and decreased cell tolerance by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity.Conclusions:The glioma radiation-resistant cell line U251/TR, U87/TR can be established by X-ray gradual ascending and intermittent induction method. The miR-205-5p/E2F1 signal axis exerts tumor-suppressing effect through the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which can be used as an therapeutic target to increase the radiosensitivity of glioma.

Glycyrrhizic acid: a potential drug against COVID-19 / 药学学报

Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 has seriously threatened human life and health worldwide and caused a large number of deaths. Viral infection and acute inflammation are important causes of death, so it is particularly important to combine antiviral therapy with anti-inflammatory therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid, the main component of the glycyrrhizic root extract, has a wide range of pharmacological effects as well as high efficiency and low toxicity, its preparation has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis and other diseases. Glycyrrhizic acid can regulate the expression and release of a variety of cytokines and play a significant anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, glycyrrhizic acid also showed significant inhibition towards a variety types of viruses. Therefore, the potential application of glycyrrhizic acid as COVID-19 treatment should be explored.

Emodin reactivated autophagy and alleviated D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the protective effect of emodin on D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury and its mechanism.Methods:A total of 40 male BALB/c mice were randomly (random number) divided into 5 groups ( n=8 in each group): the control group, the emodin group, the D-GalN/LPS group, the emodin+D-GalN/LPS group and the 3-MA+emodin+D-GalN/LPS group. D-GalN (700 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected to induce acute liver injury in mice. Autophagy inhibitor 3-MA (15 mg/kg) and/or emodin (20 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected 30 min before the liver injury model. The animals were sacrificed under anaesthesia 6 h after D-GalN/LPS challenge, blood samples and liver tissues were collected. The levels of alanineaminotransferase (ALT) and aspartateaminotransferase (AST) in serum, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of liver tissues were determined by colorimetric quantitative method; the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by ELISA; the expression of LC3-II and Beclin 1 in the liver tissues were evaluated by Western blot; the pathological changes of liver was evaluated by HE staining. Animal survival rate was also analyzed. The one-way ANOVA was use to compare quantitative data, SNK- q test was used for pairwise comparison between two groups, and Games-Howell test was used when homogeneity of variance were not met. Results:Compared with the control group, the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-6 and MPO activity [(2 476.80 ± 263.14) U/L, (271.71 ± 47.15) U/L, (537.92 ± 89.35) pg/mL, (169.74 ± 25.52) pg/mL, and (1.37 ± 0.22) U/mg] were obviously increased in the D-GalN/LPS group ( P<0.05). Compared with the D-GalN/LPS group, the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-6 and MPO activity [(1 248.01 ± 380.70) U/L, (142.59 ± 34.63) U/L, (288.91 ± 67.21) pg/mL, (61.83 ± 13.64) pg/mL, and (0.80 ± 0.21) U/mg] were obviously decreased in the emodin+ D-GalN/LPS group ( P<0.05). Compared with the D-GalN/LPS group, the histopathological abnormalities in liver tissue were significantly alleviated and the survival rate of mice was improved in the emodin+ D-GalN/LPS group. Compared with the control group, the expression of LC3-II and Beclin1 was decreased in the liver tissue in the D-GalN/LPS group, while compared with the D-GalN/LPS group, the expression of LC3-II and Beclin1 was increased in the emodin+ D-GalN/LPS group. With co-administration of 3-MA, the protective effects of emodin in acute liver injury were reversed, the levels of AST, ALT, TNF-α, IL-6, and MPO [(2 398.78 ± 233.57) U/L, (242.79 ± 43.46) U/L, (505.07 ± 67.89) pg/mL, (151.46 ± 14.11) pg/mL, and (1.27 ± 0.15) U/mg] were increased, and the pathological damage of liver tissue was aggravated. Conclusions:Emodin alleviates D-GalN/LPS-induced acute liver injury in mice, which may be related to the activation of protein LC3-II, Beclin1 and restored autophagy.

Dexmedetomidine alleviates LPS/D-Gal-induced acute liver injury via up-regulation of LC3-II expression in mice / 生理学报

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-Gal) and the underlying mechanism. Male BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS/D-Gal to induce acute liver injury model, and pretreated with DEX or in combination with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) 30 min before injection. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in liver tissue were determined with the corresponding kits. Serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined by ELISA. The protein expression levels of LC3-II and P62 in liver tissue were determined by Western blot. Liver histopathological changes were detected by HE staining. The results showed that, compared with control group, LPS/D-Gal enhanced ALT and AST activity, increased TNF-α and IL-6 levels, as well as MPO activity, up-regulated LC3-II and P62 protein expression levels, and significantly induced pathological damage in liver tissue. DEX reversed the above changes in the LPS/D-Gal group, whereas these protective effects of DEX were blocked by 3-MA. The above results suggest that DEX alleviates LPS/D-Gal-induced acute liver injury, which may be associated with the up-regulation of LC3-II protein expression and the activation of autophagy.

Effect of moxibustion on clinical symptoms, peripheral inflammatory indexes and T lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the therapeutic effect and the mechanism of the adjuvant treatment with moxibustion on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).@*METHODS@#A total of 95 patients with COVID-19 were randomly divided into a moxibustion group (45 cases) and a basic treatment group (50 cases). The routine treatment of western medicine was applied in the patients of both groups. In the moxibustion group, on the base of the treatment of western medicine, moxibustion was applied to Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Qihai (CV 6) and Zusanli (ST 36), once daily and consecutively for 14 days. At the end of treatment courses, clinical symptom scores for cough, asthmatic breathing, chest oppression and short breath, as well as their remission rates were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Before and after treatment, the white blood cell (WBC) count, the levels of c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the absolute number of T lymphocyte subsets, i.e. , and of the peripheral blood were compared in the patients between the two groups. The principal component analysis was adopted to analyze the common data extracted from the above 10 clinical indexes variables and comprehensively evaluate the differences in the therapeutic effect of two regimens.@*RESULTS@#The clinical symptom scores were all decreased after treatment in both of the moxibustion group and the basic treatment group as compared with those before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#On the base of the routine treatment with western medicine, moxibustion therapy supplemented relieves the clinical symptoms, reduces the levels of inflammatory indexes, i.e. IL-6 and CRP as well as improves the absolute number of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets. The clinical therapeutic effect of such regimen with moxibustion supplemented is significantly better than the simple routine treatment of western medicine.

Injury effect of navy new concept weaponry on combatants and its medical prevention / 第二军医大学学报

New concept weaponry have much greater damage effects than traditional weaponry, not only destroying military equipment and communication systems, but also severely injurying combatants. Typical new concept weaponry, including shipborne laser weapons, electromagnetic pulse weapons and infrasonic weapons, holds destructive power by special light, sound, or electromagnetic wave. This paper expounds the injury effects of new concept weapons on combatants and its medical protection measures, so as to provide reference for the health service support under the condition of new concept weapons.

Islet β-cell function in patients with gout and hyperuricemia accompanied by increased 1h postload plasma glucose / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

All of 143 patients with gout or hyperuricemia were divided into type 2 diabetes(n=43), impaired glucose regulation(n=45),and normal glucose tolerance(n=55)groups. Moreover,a cut point of 8.6 mmol/L in one hour postload plasma glucose(1hPG)of oral glucose tolerance test was used to sub-divide the normal glucose tolerance group into 1hPG≥8.6 mmol/L(n=30)and 1hPG<8.6 mmol/L(n=25)groups. The first-and second-phase insulin secretion indexes were compared among four groups. The results showed that there was no statistical difference in the second-phase insulin secretion index among impaired glucose regulation,1hPG≥8.6 mmol/L,and 1hPG<8.6 mmol/L groups(P>0.05). The first-phase insulin secretion index revealed no significant difference between impaired glucose regulation and 1hPG≥8.6 mmol/L groups(P>0.05),but obviously decreased in these two groups compared with 1hPG<8.6 mmol/L group(P<0.05). The modified β cell function indexes were gradually decreased in 1hPG<8.6 mmol/L,1hPG≥8.6 mmol/L, and impaired glucose regulation groups(P<0.05). These results suggest that when 1hPG of the patients with gout and hyperuricemia is over 8.6 mmol/L,the first-phase insulin secretion will be impaired.

Effect of precision anesthesia strategy on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of precision anesthesia strategy on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.Methods Seventy elderly patients of both sexes,aged 65-85 yr,weighing 50-75 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective unilateral hip replacement under general anesthesia,with years of education＞6 yr,were divided into 2 groups (n =35 each) using a random number table:precision anesthesia group (group P) and routine anesthesia group (group R).Anesthetic protocol and perioperative management were optimized using precision anesthesia strategy in group P.Routine anesthetic protocol and perioperative management were performed in group R.Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at 1 day before operation (T0) and 1,6,12 and 24 h after operation (T1-4) for determination of serum S100β protein,neuronspecific enolase (NSE),interleukin-1beta (IL-1β),IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Creactive protein (CRP) concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The patient's cognitive function was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at T0 and 3 and 7 days after operation (T5,6).Results Compared with the baseline at T0,the serum S100β protein and NSE concentrations were significantly increased at T1-3,the serum IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were increased at T1-4,the CRP concentrations were increased at T2,3,MMSE scores were decreased at T5 in group R,and the serum S100β protein,IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations were significantly increased at T1-3,the serum NSE and CRP concentrations were increased at T2,the serum TNF-α concentrations were increased at T1-4,and MMSE cores were decreased at T5 in group P (P＜0.05).Compared with group R,the serum S100β protein and IL-1β concentrations were significantly decreased at T1,2,the serum NSE and TNF-α concentrations were decreased at T1-3,the serum IL-6 concentrations were decreased at T2,3,and MMSE scores were increased at T5 in group P (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Precision anesthesia strategy can improve postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement,which is related to inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Protective Effect of Water-soluble Total Flavonoids from Isodon Lophanthoides var.gerardianus ( Benth.) H.Hara on H2 O2-induced LO2 Cells Damage / 中国药师

Objective:To explore the protective effect of the water-soluble total flavonoids from Isodon lophanthoides var.gerardia-nus (Benth.) H.Hara on LO2 cells damage.Methods:The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT cell viability determination to confirm the concentration range .Hepatocyte damage model was established by H 2 O2 treatment.After the oxidative stress hepatocyte was coin-cubated with WSTF at different concentrations for various times , the protective effect of WSTF on H 2 O2-induced hepatocyte damage was evaluated by MTT cell viability determination and the content determination of ALT , AST and MDA in cell supernatant .The inhibition of WSTF against H 2 O2-induced LO2 cells apoptosis was evaluated by the quantitative determination of Rhodamine 123 fluorescence and intracellular ROS.Results:The LO2 cells injured by 0.3 mmol· L-1 H2 O2 treatment for 4 h were used as the hepatocyte damage model.The concentration range of WSTF was 0.0312-0.125 mg· ml-1.WSTF could inhibit H2O2-induced injury in LO2 cells and obviously reduce ALT, AST and MDA.Moreover, WSTF could reverse mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and decrease the amount of intracellular ROS .Conclusion:WSTF exhibits notable protective and curative effects on hepatocyte damage in vitro.

Baicalein inhibits the proliferation and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma and its possible signaling pathway / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between the anti-proliferation effect of baicalein and extracellular signal-regulated kinase and focal adhesion kinase(ERK-FAK) signal pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).@*METHODS@#The study included two parts and each part contained 4 groups, including control, 20 μmol/L BAI, 40 μmol/L BAI, 80 μmol/L BAI or control, 40 μmol/L BAI, MEK inhibitor(0.33 nmol/L),MEK inhibitor(0.33 nmol/L)+40 μmol/L BAI.Each group was treated in triplicate for 24 hours and 48 hours.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to detect the inhibitory effect of baicalein; Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Western blot were used to analysis the effect of Baicalein on E-cadherin and Vimentin. The expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK), phosphorylated (p-ERK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase(p-FAK) were detected by Western blot. The regulatory effect of MEK inhibitor(U0126) on Baicalein was tested by Western blot assay.@*RESULTS@#The survival rate of cells treated with BAI is much lower than that of control group(<0.01); the mRNA and protein levels of E-cadherin were obviously higher than those of control group, while the mRNA and protein levels of Vimentin were lower than those of control group(<0.01).The protein levels of p-ERK and p-FAK treated with BAI were much lower than those of control group(<0.01), but the total ERK and FAK had no obvious changes (<0.05).The protein level of E-cadherin treated with MEK inhibitor was higher than that of control group(<0.01) and the protein levels of Vimentin, p-ERK and p-FAK were lower than those of control group (<0.01), while the total protein levels of ERK and FAK were the same(<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Baicalein can inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of OSCC, which may be mediated by ERK-FAK signal pathway.

Study on Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Monotropein in Liquidambaris Radix / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish qualitative and quantitative methods for analyzing monotropein in Liquidambaris Radix. Methods Monotropein in Liquidambaris Radix was identified by using TLC. The contents of monotropein in the samples were determined by HPLC on an Sino Chrom ODS-BP column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with methanol-0.1％ phosphoric acid solution (1:99) as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.0 m L/min; the detection wavelength was 235 nm; the column temperature was 25 ℃; the injection volume was 10 μL. Results Monotropein in Liquidambaris Radix could be identified by TLC. Monotropein showed good linear relation in the range of 0.150 1– 1.501 0 μg (r=0.999 8), and the average recovery rate was 95.93％ (RSD=0.60％). The contents of monotropein in Liquidambaris Radix from 10 different producing areas were among the range of 0.20％–1.15％. Conclusion The method is simple, stable, reliable and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of Liquidambaris Radix.

Establishment of normal reference intervals of plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in children / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To establish normal reference intervals of plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in children′s hospital.Methods A total of 183 fresh EDTA anticoagulant samples and 125 fresh urine in healthy children were collected from May 2014 to October 2014.According to the CLSI C28-A2 ,the unilateral upper limit 95% was established the normal reference value in different age group.Results There was significant difference in four groups (P<0.05).The normal reference intervals of plasma NGAL in healthy children:0 to <7 months;<291.28 μg/L;7 months to <5 years old;<150.87 μg/L;5 years old to <9 years old:<127.93 μg/L;9 years old to ≤16 years old:<161.74 μg/L;the normal reference intervals of healthy children urine NGAL:0 to <7 months:<257.31 μg/L;7 months to <5 years old:<201.55 μg/L;5years old to <9 years old:<197.69 μg/L;9 years old to ≤16 years old:<151.46 μg/L.Plasma and urine NGAL results in neonatal group were higher than the other three groups.Conclusion The normal reference intervals of plasma and urine NGAL in children′s hospital is established.this could provide clinical evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of acute renal injury in pediatric patients.

Effects of ulinastatin with parecoxib sodium on early cellular immunology function and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin with parecoxib sodium on early cellular immunology function and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement.Methods One hundred patients (aged 65-80 years,ASA grade Ⅱ) undergoing elective total hip replacement were randomly assigned into 4 groups: group W(n=25),group P(n=25),group WP(n=25) and group C(n=25).The patients in group W received intravenous injection of ulinastatin with a dose of 5 000 U/kg before skin incision and at the moment of the end of operation.Patients in group P accepted intravenous injection of parecoxib sodium of 40 mg before anesthesia and at a 12 h intervals for six times.Patients in group WP accepted intravenous injection of ulinastatin with a dose of 5 000 U/kg before skin incision and at the moment of the end of operation,and accepted intravenous injection of parecoxib sodium with a dose of 40 mg before anesthesia and at a 12 h interval for six times.Patients in group C were given normal saline at the same time as placebo.The operation time,the volume of bleeding and autologous blood receiving and the intraoperative fentanyl consumption were recorded in four groups.Blood samples were obtained before induction (T0),at the end of operation (T1),on 6 h (T2),24 h (T3),72 h (T4) after operation for determination of plasma concentration of S100β protein,neuron-specific enolase(NSE),IL-6,TNF-α.The percentages of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were detected with flow cytometry.The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to test the cognitive function of the patients at T0,T4 and 7 d after operation (T5).Results Compared with T0,the percentages of CD3+,CD4+ cells and CD4+/CD8+ in groups C,W and P were significantly decreased,the plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α significantly increased at T1-T4,concentration of NSE and S100 protein were significantly increased at T2 and T3 (P<0.05).the percentages of CD3+,CD4+T lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in groups W and P at T2,T3 and group WP at T1-T4 was significantly higher than that of group C,the concentration of IL-6,TNF-α,NSE and S100β protein content was significantly lower than in group C (P<0.05);the percentages of CD3+,CD4+T lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in group WP was significantly higher than those of groups W and P,the concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6,NSE and S100β protein content was significantly lower than those of group W and P at T2,T3 (P<0.05).Compared with T0,MMSE score in group C was significantly lower at T4,T5 (P<0.05).MMSE score of groups W,P and WP was significantly higher than that of group C at T4 (P<0.05).MMSE score of group WP was significantly higher than those of groups W and P at T4 (P<0.05).Conclusion Ulinastatin combined with parecoxib sodium ameliorates early cellular immunology function and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement,and it is more effective than using ulinastatin or parecoxib sodium alone.

Post Contrast-enhanced T 1 WI Histogram Analysis for Differentiating Glioblastom from Solitary Brain Metastasis / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose Glioblastoma and metastasis are the common and aggressive type of brain tumors in adults,and a definitive diagnosis has an important guiding significance to the clinical practice.Our purpose is to investigate the value of post contrast-enhanced T1WI-based histogram analysis in the differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis.Materials and Methods Sixty-eight consecutive patients with glioblastoma or solitary metastasis confirmed pathologically or surgically at Meizhou People's Hospital between January 2012 and November 2015 were included in the study.Glioblastoma was diagnosed in 34 patients and solitary brain metastasis was diagnosed in the rest 34 patients.All patients had undergone routine brain MR examination before surgical resection and the imaging data were retrospectively analyzed.The ROIs were manually placed in enhanced solid parts of the tumors on the maximal cross-sectional post contrasted-enhanced T1WI by Image J.Then the mean,standard deviation (SD),minimum,maximum,skewness and kurtosis were calculated respectively.Results Kurtosis of post contrast-enhanced T1WI of metastasis (1.260 ± 1.271) was statistically higher than that of glioblastoma (0.071 ± 0.667)(P＜0.05).When the optimal threshold criterion ofkurtosis was set at 0.736,the areas under ROC curve of kurtosis was 0.792 (95％ CI:0.676-0.881),and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value at the optimum cutoff value were 76.47％,88.24％,80.65％,78.38％,respectively.Conclusion Kurtosis of post contrastenhanced T 1 WI-based histogram is valuable in differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and brain metastasis,and thus provides reliable and objective basis for differentiating the two kinds of tumors.

The expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma and its effect on the migration and invasion abilities of tumor cell

Objective To determine the expression of non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in osteosarcoma and its effect on the migration and invasion abilities of tumor cell. Methods A total of 65 cases of osteosarcoma and 20 cases with benign osteochondroma who underwent resection operation in the Orthopaedics Department of our hospital from January 1st 2009 to January 1st 2015 were selected. Their mRNA levels of MYH9 were tested by qrt-PCR. Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma and the correlation between the positive expression of MYH9 and the clinicopathological features of patients was illustrated by statistical analysis. MYH9 was compounded artificially. The expression of MYH9 in SAOS2 osteosarcoma cells was decreased by siRNA. Scratch test was used to determine the change of SAOS2 cell migration ability after MYH9 silence. Transwell assay was employed to detect the change of cell invasion ability after MYH9 silence. Results The expression levels of mRNA of MYH9 and protein in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly higher than those in benign osteochondroma tissues. The high expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma tissues was apparently related to the high Enneking classification (III classification) and lung metastasis. SiRNA of MYH9 could evidently decrease the expression level of MYH9 in SAOS2. The down-regulated expression of MYH9 could inhibit the migration and invasion abilities of SAOS2 cells. Conclusions MYH9 shows a trend of high expression in osteosarcoma tissues, and its high expression is associated with features such as tumor invasion and metastasis. The down-regulated MYH9 can realize an anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells.

Treatment for culture-negative periprosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty with revision / 局解手术学杂志

Objectives To compare the effect of one-stage revision and two-stage revision for the treatment of culture-negative peripros-thetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty.Methods A retrospective study was conducted with the clinical data of 41 patients who had chronic periprosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty and then underwent one or two-stage revision surgery from February 2006 to February 2014.The patients were divided into two groups according to different surgical way,namely the 16 patients who received the one-stage revision surgery were regarded as the OSR group,and the other 25 cases who underwent the two-stage revision surgery were regarded as the TSR group.The clinical efficacy of the two surgical way were assessed with Harris Hip score,visual analogue scale (VAS),and rate of infection clearance.Results The average duration of follow up was 29.7 months (9 to 48 months).At the last follow-up,Harris Hip score of TSR group was higher than that of the OSR group,and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.04),and the VAS score of TSR group was lower than that of the OSR group with statistical differences (P =0.02).Additionally,the rate of infection clearance in TSR group was significantly higher than OSR group (P =0.04).Conclusion Culture-negative periprosthetic joint infection can be effectively controled by one or two-stage revision surgery.However,patients got a better prognosis after two-stage revision surgery.

The expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma and its effect on the migration and invasion abilities of tumor cell

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the expression of non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in osteosarcoma and its effect on the migration and invasion abilities of tumor cell.@*METHODS@#A total of 65 cases of osteosarcoma and 20 cases with benign osteochondroma who underwent resection operation in the Orthopaedics Department of our hospital from January 1st 2009 to January 1st 2015 were selected. Their mRNA levels of MYH9 were tested by qrt-PCR. Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma and the correlation between the positive expression of MYH9 and the clinicopathological features of patients was illustrated by statistical analysis. MYH9 was compounded artificially. The expression of MYH9 in SAOS2 osteosarcoma cells was decreased by siRNA. Scratch test was used to determine the change of SAOS2 cell migration ability after MYH9 silence. Transwell assay was employed to detect the change of cell invasion ability after MYH9 silence.@*RESULTS@#The expression levels of mRNA of MYH9 and protein in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly higher than those in benign osteochondroma tissues. The high expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma tissues was apparently related to the high Enneking classification (III classification) and lung metastasis. SiRNA of MYH9 could evidently decrease the expression level of MYH9 in SAOS2. The down-regulated expression of MYH9 could inhibit the migration and invasion abilities of SAOS2 cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#MYH9 shows a trend of high expression in osteosarcoma tissues, and its high expression is associated with features such as tumor invasion and metastasis. The down-regulated MYH9 can realize an anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells.

Effects of enhanced recovery after surgery on early cognitive function of patients after hepatectomy for liver cancer / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway on early cognitive function of post-hepatectomy patients after hepatectomy.Methods Ninety-six patients undergoing elective hepatectomy for liver cancer were randomly assigned into two groups:group ERAS,n =48 and group C,n =48.patients in group ERAS accepted perioperative and anaes-thetic optimization of enhanced recovery after surgery pathway,and patients in group C received peri-operative and anaesthetic management of normal surgery concept.The mini-mental state examination (MMSE)was used to test the cognitive function of the patients one day before operation (T0 ),one day after operation (T4 ),three days after operation (T5 )and seven days after operation (T6 ),and the blood levels of S100βprotein,neuron-specific enolase(NSE),IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α were de-tected at T0 ,30 minutes after operation (T1 ),6 hours after operation (T2 ),12 hours after operation (T3 )and T4 .Results Compared with group C,MMSE scores in group ERAS were increased at T4 ,T5 , the blood levels of S100βprotein,IL-1βand IL-6 in group ERAS were decreased at T1 ,T2 ,the blood levels of NSE in group ERAS were decreased at T2 ,T3 ,the blood levels of TNF-αin group ERAS were decreased at T1-T3 ;Compared with the baseline value at T0 ,MMSE scores were decreased at T4 ,T5 in group C and decreased at T4 in group ERAS,the blood levels of S100 βprotein in two groups were increased at T1-T3 , the blood levels of NSE in two groups were increased at T2-T4 ,the blood levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αin two groups were increased at T1-T4 ;and the postoperative length of stay in group ERAS were decreased. Conclusion Enhanced recovery after surgery pathway is helpful in improving early postoperative cognitive function of patients after hepatectomy,and the mechanism may be related to decreased the blood levels of S100βprotein,NSE,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α.

Determination of six C-Glycoside flavones and antitumor activity of water-soluble total flavonoids from Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardianus / 中国中药杂志

This research established an HPLC method for determination of six C-Glycoside flavones of warer-soluble total flavonoids from Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardianus (Benth.) H. Hara, and studied the antitumor activity of the warer-soluble total flavonoids. The HPLC system consisted of Kromasil 100-5 C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column and a solution system of methanol, acetonitrile and 0.5% formic acid gradient elution at a flow rate of 0. 8 mL x min(-1) and the wavelength of detector was at 334 nm. The column temperature was 25 degrees C. The antitumor activity of water-soluble flavonoids was assayed using HepG2 cell as the tested cell. The linear ranges of vicenin II, vicenin III, isoschaftoside, schaftoside, vitexin, 6, 8-di-C-a-L-arabinosylapigenin were 0.25-2.53, 0.12-1.20, 0.37-3.69, 0.16-1.63, 0.19-1.92, 0.14-1.42 microg, respectively. The average recoveries (n = 6) were 99.6% (RSD 0.87%), 100.2% (RSD 2.0%), 99.6% (RSD 1.8%), 97.9% (RSD 1.5%), 98.8% (RSD 1.2%), 98.6% (RSD 1.2%), respectively. After exposure in 24, 48, 72 h, the total flavonoids showed inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2 cells with IC50 as the evaluation index, the IC50 values of 1.89, 1.71, 1.51 g x L(-1), respectively. The method is quick, simple and accurate with good re- producibility, and can be used for determination of vicenin II, vicenin III, isoschaftoside, schaftoside, vitexin, 6, 8-di-C-a-L-arabino- sylapigenin in the warer-soluble total flavonoids from L lophanthoides var. gerardianus. The warer-soluble total flavonoids from L lophanthoides have inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2 cells.